ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protective effects of rhein lysinate (RHL)on the blood vessel damage induced by oxidative stress in the mice,and to explore its mechanism.Methods The mouse models of oxidative damage were established by intraperitoneal injection of paraquat.30 C57 mice were randomly divided into control, paraquat model,and RHL prevention groups.The mice in RHL prevention group were given RHL by gavage for one week before performing model.The mice in other two groups were given equal volume of distilled water.For making model,paraquat was intraperitoneally injected in the mice in paraquat model and RHL prevention groups once a week for two weeks.The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the content of serum malonaldehyde (MDA) of the mice were detected 2 weeks after modeling. The pathological profile of blood vessel was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE)staining and the level of reactive oxygen species was observed by DCFH-DA staining.The expressions of genes related to blood vessel damage were detected by Western blotting method.Results Compared with control group,the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased and the content of MDA was increased in paraquat model group (P < 0.05 ). Compared with paraquat model group,the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were increased and the content of MDA was decreased in RHL prevention group (P <0.05).The pathological examination indicated the structure of blood vessel of the mice was damaged and the level of reactive oxygen species of blood vessel was increased (P <0.05)in paraquat model group.The pathological changes were significantly improved and the level of reactive oxygen species of blood vessel of the mice was decreased (P < 0.05 )in RHL prevention group. The Western blotting analysis showed that compared with control group,the expression levels of nitric oxide endothelial synthase (eNOS)and caspase-3 of the mice in paraquat model group were decreased (P < 0.05),however the expression level of cleaved fragment of caspase-3 was increased (P < 0.05).Compared with paraquat model group,the expression levels of eNOS and caspase-3 of the mice in RHL prevention group were increased (P < 0.05 )and the expression level of cleaved fragment of caspase-3 was decreased (P <0.05).Conclusion Paraquat could induce vascular cell damage in vivo through increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species, and RHL could antagonize the effects of paraquat by scavenging reactive oxygen species, and up-regulating the eNOS expression and reducing the expression of the cleaved fragment of caspase-3.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protective effects of rhein lysinate ( RHL) on cardiac tissue damage in-duced by paraquat in experimental mice , and to clarify its mechanism .Methods In this study mice were assigned to the following three groups: control, paraquat model, and RHL-treated groups.The model of oxidative damage mice was established by intraperitoneal injection of paraquat .RHL-treated group was given RHL ( 50 mg/kg ) by gavage for one week before performing model .The other two groups were given equal volume of distilled water .For making model , paraquat was intraperitoneally injected in the paraquat model and RHL-treated group .The content of MDA was detected by thiobarbituric acid assay .The activities of SOD and GSH-Px were detected by biphenyl three phenolic autoxidation assay and NADPH coupling method respectivly .The pathological profile of cardiac tis-sue was observed by hematoxylin and eosin ( HE) staining and reactive oxygen species was observed by DCFH-DA staining .The change of proteins related to myocardial damage detected by Western blot .Results Compared with control group, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px decreased (P<0.05) and the content of MDA increased (P<0.05) in paraquat model group .However , these changes were attenuated byr RHL treatmen ( P<0.05 ) .The pathologi-cal examination indicated the structure of cardiac tissue was damaged and reactive oxygen species of cardiac tissue was increased after paraquat was given , however , these changes were attenuated after RHL treatmen .It was shown in western blot analysis that compared with control group , the expression of SIRT1 decreased, the acetylation of P53 and the expression of P 53 and P66 increased in paraquat-treated group .These changes were attenuated by RHL treatmen ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusions RHL may attenuate paraquat-induced cardiac injury in mice .
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Objective To investigate the differences in the structures,numbers and phenotypes of the dendritic cells (DCs)at different stages in colorectal cancer (CRC)tissue,and to explore the effect of DCs in the occurrence and development of CRC.Methods 20 cases of CRC tissue were chosen as CRC group,other 20 cases of corresponding para-cancer tissue were chosen as control group.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the distribution, the structures,the number of positive cells at different stages;Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of CD1a and CD83.Results The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that DCs scattered among glands or vessels in both groups;the CD1a+imature DCs (imDCs)were round and oval,dendritic processes were faintly visible in both groups,and the number of CD1a+imDCs in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01).The CD83+ mature DCs (mDCs)were irregular,branched in both groups,and the number of CD83+mDCs in CRC group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01).The results of Western blotting method showed that the expression of CD1a protein was higher and the expression of CD83 protein was lower in CRC group than control group (P<0.01).Conclusion CD1a+imDCs may play important roles in promoting the occurrence and development of CRC;CD83+mDCs may inhibit the occurrence and development of CRC.
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Objective To explore the effect of swimming training on the microcirculations of cochlea in guinea pigs with tertram ethylpyrazine(TMP) treatment after chronic hypoxia.Methods 28 guinea pigs were divided into normal control group outside of cabin (A) and chronic hypoxia model group (B). After four weeks the model group were divided into the model control group (B 1),TMP treatment group (B 2),swimming training group(B 3) and swimming training with TMP treatment group (B 4).Until the given time,LDF was used to investigate the blood flow of every guinea pig's cochlea.The spiral ligament spreaded-slice optical lens was used to observe guinea pig's vascular veins, capillary appearance and RBC counts.Results There was significant difference in cochlear blood flow(CBF) and RBC counts between B 2,B 4 groups and B 1 group.CBF and RBC counts of B 3 group was improved comparing with B 1 gorup,so did that of B 4 group comparing with B 2.But no significant difference was found.Conclusion Swimming training can relieve the swelling on the thin blood vessel and improve the effect of TMP on the microcirculation in cochlea of guinea pigs under chronic hypoxia environment.